Synthesis and antifungal activity investigation of a novel clotrimazole derivative

Azole antifungal agents disrupt fungal ergosterol synthesis that is essential for the formation of fungal cell membrane by preventing 14-α-demethylase enzyme from binding to its substrate. Clotrimazole is one of the first generations of azole antifungal agents. To discover a novel azole antifungal agent, biphenyl derivative was synthesised together with clotrimazole by multistep linear synthesis. Structures of synthesised azole agents have been validated by spectral analysis and potential antifungal activity of both compounds was determined on an yeast, E.coli and M.luteus by using a disk diffusion method. Clotrimazole and its biphenyl derivative were active against yeast but a novel compound resulted less activity than clotrimazole. Antibacterial effect was not observed for either azole agents. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v14i0.194 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 14 (40), 2013, p28-3

Overview of satellite data for long-term monitoring in the Wadden Sea, WaLTER

One of the aims of the WaLTER project (Wadden Sea Long-Term Ecosystem Research) is to define an integrated monitoring plan for environmental and managerial issues that are relevant to the Wadden Sea area, in relation to issues such as sea-level rise, fisheries, recreation and industrial activities. The monitoring network should provide an effective basis for decision-making, and stimulate valid data interpretation. The participants of the WaLTER project include a number of institutes and organisations that carry out long-term measurements and research in the Wadden Sea area

Mongolian Herders’ Evaluation of Rangeland Ecosystems Services, Values, and Changes over the Past Decade

Mongolia\u27s rangeland is one of the largest remaining contiguous ecosystems encompassing 2.6% of the global grasslands, and almost three-fourths of the country\u27s territory provides essential ecosystem services (ESS) for over 3 million Mongolians and 71 million livestock. The well-being of 171,605 pastoral households directly depends on the rangelands receiving provisional services in the forms of nutrition, material use and energy, regulatory services, and cultural services. This study explored herders\u27 perceptions of these ESS, their evaluation for ESS values, and observations of ESS change for the last decade. The study found that Mongolian herders have more benefits from provisional ESS (on average, 10 out of 18 identified), including nutritional and material use (four out of six and nine respectively), and energy services (two types out of three). An average herder household said to receive eight types of regulatory services out of 10, including environment regulation, storage/sequestration, erosion control, disease, and pest control, flood and wind protection, water cycle, soil formation and climate regulation, and six cultural services out of seven such as experiential and intellectual interactions with nature, historical and cultural heritage, both symbolic and religious-spiritual customs and nomadic identity and pride. The herders most valued the provisioning services, followed by regulatory services, and reported a declining trend in provisioning ESS for the past decade, while, in their views, non-provisioning services remained the same. Herders\u27 reported about the exploitation of local ecosystems by external companies without sharing benefits with pastoral communities and contributing to the ESS restoration and maintenance, which was the expression of the common rangeland marginalization narrative. The study recommends necessary policies and actions to ensure equitable benefit distribution derived from rangelands to support adaptive capacity and well-being of pastoral communities, essentially acknowledge the importance of non-provisional ESS across various levels

The use of Remote sensing as a monitoring tool for coastal defence issues in the Wadden Sea

Remote sensing kan een bruikbare en relatief goedkope methode zijn om specifieke karakteristieken van droogvallende platen waar te nemen. De vereiste resolutie, ofwel het oplossend vermogen, om sedimentkarakteristieken en kenmerken van droogvallende schelpdierbanken te kunnen bepalen moet beter zijn dan 30 meter. Mogelijke toekomstige toepassingen voor het monitoren van veranderingen en toepassingen voor beleids- en beheersondersteunende modellen wordt besproke

Development of automated tools for detailed monitoring of mussel and oyster beds using satellite data: spatial, temporal and vertical development

The main focus of this report is to develop the application of a novel technique in mapping of mussel and oyster beds using remote sensing, which can be combined with regular field monitoring to obtain an optimal monitoring strategy

Preliminary inventory of key terrestrial nature values of Bonaire

Based on a helpdesk question from the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation (EL&I) a preliminary inventory is given of key terrestrial nature values of Bonaire in order to determine their occurrence in relation to areas designated as “nature” and “open landscape”, according to the Spatial development plan of Bonaire. This was based on a literature study and supplemented by expert advice

Effecten van mosselvisserij op de bodemstructuur, een analyse van Sidescan sonar opnames

Mosselzaadbanken in de Waddenzee worden bevist. In 2006 is een onderzoek gestart naar de effecten van mosselzaadvisserij op sublitorale natuurwaarden, het PRODUS onderzoek. Omdat de biodiversiteit in de Waddenzee nauw samenhangt met de driedimensionale structuur van de zeebodem wordt binnen PRODUS het effect van visserij op deze structuur bestudeerd aan de hand van sidescan sonar opnames die voor en na visserij worden uitgevoer